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Harold

The Hetero-structure Laser Diode Model

Harold

Features

Harold Features

  • Advanced hetero-structure model for simulating FP lasers/SOAs based on well-established physical models:
    • Self-consistent solving of electro-optic, heat flow, carrier capture/escape and recombination equations
    • Supports strained layers
    • Built-in optical mode solver
    • Nuilt-in Schrodinger solver
  • Layers editor allows near-arbitrary (single and MQW) epitaxial layer structures to be defined; supports grading of alloy composition and doping within layers.
  • Material database: comes with a set of standard materials; you can add your own materials too.
  • Various simulation options:
    • 1d (vertical) or 2d (vertical + longitudinal)
    • isothermal (pulsed) or self-heating (CW) modes.
  • Comprehensive simulation results:
    • optical/electrical/thermal characteristics of device
    • vertical and vertical-longitudinal profiles of numerous quantities
    • quantities vs. bias
    • spontaneous emission and gain spectra
    • quantum well wavefunctions.
  • XY Laser Module extends Harold’s capability into the x-dimension for modelling lateral structure:
    • Cross-section editor allows full physical definition of laser cross-section – supports graded etching, insulating layers, and multiple contacts on same side
    • 2D+Z finite difference mode solver (see here for details of FDM Solver) with farfield calculator; optical mode can be updated with increasing bias to account for hot-cavity effects
    • Simulation results include 2D vertical-lateral profiles of numerous quantities  
  • VCSEL Module (option): Full 3D VCSEL model, taking into account optical, electrical and thermal effects.
  • Quantum-Confined Stark Effect (QCSE) Module (option): advanced physical model allowing to simulate electro-absorption modulators (EAM) with Quantum-Confined Stark Effect.
  • Link with PICWave: export material files, gain and spontaneous emission spectra files and epitaxial layer structures (SWGs) to PICWave for fast time-domain simulation  
  • Extensive command-line interface, support for scripting with Python and MATLAB

Click the links on the left for more Features information.